FUNDACIÓN VÍCTIMAS DEL TERRORISMO 95 - ENGLISH

11 NEWS these changes within the broader evolu- tion of global jihadism. The day concluded with the interven- tion of Belen Sanz García, Deputy Di- rector-General for Support to Victims of Terrorism, who highlighted the impor- tance of incorporating direct testimony into education. Listening to victims, she said, allows students to "touch and un- derstand recent history" and learn firs- thand about the human consequences of terrorist violence. After the presenta- tions, participants visited the Memorial's exhibition space. The second day opened with a presenta- tion by Florencio Domínguez on the his- torical evolution of terrorism in Spain. The Memorial's director reviewed the trajectory of different armed organi- zations and paid special attention to ETA, the group responsible for the lar- gest number of victims in the country. Domínguez recalled that, despite the anti-Franco narrative the organization defended, only a minority of its attacks occurred during the dictatorship. He also analyzed the reasons for its persistence, linked to social support, organizational capacity, and the replacement of demo- cratic legitimacy with violent action. As for its disappearance, he pointed to fac- tors such as international cooperation, social rejection, and the work of the se- curity forces and the justice system. The conference also included the testi- mony of Ana Iríbar, widow of Gregorio Ordóñez, who was murdered by ETA in 1995. Iríbar defended the need to con- tinue addressing terrorism in education in order to prevent forgetting and avoid the repetition of violence. "Young people have the right to know what happened, and we have the obligation to tell them," she said. In her remarks, she also welco- med the recent inclusion of terrorism in the Basque Country in the contents of the University Entrance Examination (PAU), as a significant step in consolidating its study within the education system. Another part of the programwas devoted to good teaching practices. Monica García Celáa, director of IES Fuente Fresnedo in Laredo, and Laura Vila, a teacher at Cole- gio Nazareth-Salesianas in Vitoria, shared educational experiences developed at their schools. They highlighted projects combi- ning exhibitions, testimony, and creative materials, such as the creation of a co- mic based on victims' stories. According to Vila, the aim is to encourage dialogue within families and generate broader re- flection on the recent past. A new feature of this edition was a dialo- gic discussion coordinated by Professor Enrique Giménez, in which literary texts related to terrorism were analyzed. This activity made it possible to approach me- mory from a cultural and reflective pers- pective through authors such as Luisa Etxeike, Antonio Miguel Utrera, and Jo- seba Eceolaza. The program closed with a session on the prevention of radicalization led by Natalia Martinez del Pozo, head of CITCO. Marti- nez stressed that this is "a shared respon- sibility" involving society as a whole. She explained the security cycle, which begins with the detection of indicators by citi- zens, continues with the institutional res- ponse, and culminates in the implementa- tion of preventive strategies. "An informed society is a safe society," she summarized. The closing session included Florencio Domínguez and the director of INTEF, Julio Albalad, who reaffirmed both insti- tutions' commitment to teacher training and the transmission of critical memory as a fundamental tool for coexistence and the prevention of extremism.